Certified Emergency Nurse (CEN) Practice Test 2026 - Free CEN Practice Questions and Study Guide

The primary focus in managing diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is to maintain hydration and correct acidosis. This condition occurs in patients with uncontrolled diabetes, leading to the accumulation of ketones in the blood due to a lack of insulin. As a result, hyperglycemia, dehydration, and metabolic acidosis ensue.

Maintaining hydration is crucial because DKA often leads to significant fluid loss and electrolyte imbalances due to osmotic diuresis. Therefore, intravenous fluids are administered to restore fluid volume and ensure adequate renal perfusion. In addition, correcting acidosis involves administering insulin, which helps to lower blood glucose levels and facilitates the conversion of ketones back to acetyl-CoA, reducing the levels of ketoacids and ultimately normalizing the acid-base balance.

While controlling hyperthermia may be relevant in certain clinical situations, it is not specific to the management of DKA. Similarly, restricting calorie intake is not a priority in acute DKA management; rather, the focus is on restoring metabolic stability. Administering narcotics is not appropriate, as pain relief is not a primary concern in DKA treatment and could mask symptoms that are crucial for monitoring the patient's condition.