Certified Emergency Nurse (CEN) Practice Test 2025 - Free CEN Practice Questions and Study Guide

The indication of elevated function of the adrenal gland is represented by Cushing's syndrome. This condition is characterized by an excess of cortisol, a hormone produced by the adrenal glands. The elevated levels of cortisol can result from various factors, including pituitary tumors that lead to excessive adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) production or primary adrenal tumors.

Symptoms of Cushing's syndrome can include weight gain, particularly in the abdomen and face, skin changes like bruising and striae, high blood pressure, and increased blood sugar levels due to cortisol's effects on metabolism. Recognizing these signs is crucial in emergency settings since they can expose patients to elevated risks of infections and cardiovascular issues, necessitating prompt and appropriate management.

In contrast, Addison's disease represents decreased adrenal function, characterized by insufficient cortisol production. Thyroid storm is a life-threatening condition related to an excess of thyroid hormones, which is not directly linked to adrenal function. Diabetic ketoacidosis involves metabolic derangements due to insulin deficiency in diabetes, also unrelated to adrenal gland function. Understanding these differences is key in the assessment and management of endocrine emergencies.